Anxiety
Anxiety is a natural response to stress or perceived danger, marked by tension, worry, or fear. While it can be helpful in certain situations, excessive or persistent anxiety can disrupt daily life and may indicate an anxiety disorder. Therapy focuses on reducing symptoms and improving coping skills.
Common Symptoms of Anxiety
Physical: Rapid heartbeat, shortness of breath, sweating, trembling, dizziness, muscle tension, nausea.
Psychological: Excessive worry, irritability, restlessness, difficulty concentrating, feeling of doom.
Behavioral: Avoidance, reassurance-seeking, compulsive behaviors (e.g., in OCD).
Depression
Depression is a mental illness marked by prolonged emotional symptoms such as apathy, sadness, guilt, exhaustion, and irritability. While its exact causes are unknown, genetic factors, trauma, and life circumstances can contribute. It is more common in women, often differs by gender, and can be triggered by childbirth or seasonal changes. Depression frequently coexists with anxiety, affects concentration, and may lead to substance abuse or self-harm.
Diagnosis involves a psychiatric evaluation and ruling out other conditions, with symptoms persisting for at least two weeks. Treatment options include therapy, medication, and lifestyle changes.